"Japan has a progressive taxation system so the higher a persons annual income, the more tax they pay."
- "Japan has a progressive taxation system so the higher a persons annual income, the more income tax they pay."
"progressive taxation system" 「累進課税制度」
"Japan has a progressive taxation system so ~" 「日本は累進課税制度だから、〜」
"so" 「から」
"annual income" 「年収」
"the higher a persons annual income the more tax they pay" 「年収が高い人ほど税金を取られる」
"tax they pay" 「税金を払う」・「税金を取られる」
"In Japan, because of the progressive tax system, people with higher incomes are taxed more."
「累進課税制度」についてですが、英語では“progressive tax system”と言います。
“people with higher incomes are taxed more”で、年収が高い人ほど多くの税金が取られることを説明しています。
また、以下のような表現もあります。
In a progressive tax system, higher earners pay a higher percentage of their income in taxes.
The more you earn, the more you are taxed under Japan's progressive tax system.
オーストラリア 
アメリカ合衆国 
